Linux服务器调优（多网卡绑定技术）

一、网络状态查看：

ss

netstat

iftop

iptraf

ethtool

ss代替netstat

ss -t -a

Display all TCP sockets.

ss -t -n--查看所已经连接上的TCP

ss -t -l -n--查看所有正在监听的TCP

ss -u -a

Display all UDP sockets.

ss -o state established ’( dport = :ssh or sport = :ssh )’

Display all established ssh connections.

ss -x src /tmp/.X11-unix/*

Find all local processes connected to X server.

ip代替ifconfig/route

ip link set DEVICE { up | down }--开启或者关闭网卡

ip link show [ DEVICE ]--查看网卡连接状态

ip addr { add | del } IFADDR dev STRING--添加IP地址

ip addr show {eth0 | eth1}--查看某个网卡的IP地址

ip route list--查看路由表

ip route add to 192.168.10.0/24 via 192.168.100.1

ip route add to 192.168.20.0/24 dev eth0--添加一条默认路由

ip route add to 0/0 via 192.168.100.1--添加默认路由

ip route del to 0/0 dev eth0--删除默认路由

# ethtool eth0－－查看当前网卡的硬件信息

Settings for eth0:

Supported ports: [ TP ]

Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full

100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full

1000baseT/Full

Supports auto-negotiation: Yes

Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full

100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full

1000baseT/Full

Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes

Speed: 1000Mb/s

Duplex: Full

Port: Twisted Pair

PHYAD: 1

Transceiver: internal

Auto-negotiation: on

Supports Wake-on: g

Wake-on: d

Link detected: yes

二、更改速率及网卡的协商模式：

# ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex full autoneg off

bond多网卡

网卡绑定技术有助于保证高可用性特性并提供其它优势以提高网络性能,在这介绍的Linux双网卡绑定实现就是使用两块网卡虚拟成为一块网卡,这个聚合起来的设备看起来是一个单独的以太网接口设备,通俗点讲就是两块网卡具有相同的IP地址而并行链接聚合成一个逻辑链路工作,这样即使其中的一块物理网卡出现故障,也不会导致连接中断.

网卡绑定就是多张网卡逻辑上作为一张网卡用.可分为,负载均衡绑定和冗余绑定两种.

1、负载均衡：

# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0

DEVICE=bond0

IPADDR=192.168.0.100

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

BROADCAST=192.168.0.255

NETWORK=192.168.0.0

GATEWAY=192.168.0.254

ONBOOT=yes

BOOTPROTO=static

TYPE=BOND

BONDING_OPTS="mode=0 miimon=50"

2.编辑各网卡的配置文件

# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

BOOTPROTO=none

TYPE=Ethernet

DEVICE=eth0

ONBOOT=yes

MASTER=bond0

SLAVE=yes

USERCTL=no

# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1

BOOTPROTO=none

TYPE=Ethernet

DEVICE=eth1

ONBOOT=yes

MASTER=bond0

SLAVE=yes

USERCTL=no

3、加载内核模块

# vim /etc/modprobe.conf

alias bond0 bonding

options bond0 miimon=50 mode=0--mode=[0(banance-rr) | 1(active-backup)]

# modprobe bonding

4、重启服务：

# /etc/init.d/network restart

5、查看

# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0

Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v2.6.1 (October 29, 2006)

Bonding Mode: load balancing (round-robin)

MII Status: up

MII Polling Interval (ms): 100

Up Delay (ms): 0

Down Delay (ms): 0

Slave Interface: eth0

MII Status: up

Link Failure Count: 1

Permanent HW addr: 00:1b:b9:58:8b:b2

Slave Interface: eth1

MII Status: down

Link Failure Count: 0

Permanent HW addr: 00:07:40:6c:ac:c8