PHP实例：Yii2中使用join、joinwith多表关联查询

class Customer extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord
{
// 这是获取客户的订单,由上面我们知道这个是一对多的关联,一个客户有多个订单
public function getOrders()
{
// 第一个参数为要关联的子表模型类名,
// 第二个参数指定 通过子表的customer_id,关联主表的id字段
return $this->hasMany(Order::className(), ['customer_id' => 'id']);
}
}

class Order extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord
{
// 获取订单所属用户
public function getCustomer()
{
//同样第一个参数指定关联的子表模型类名
//
return $this->hasOne(Customer::className(), ['id' => 'customer_id']);
}
// 获取订单中所有图书
public function getBooks()
{
//同样第一个参数指定关联的子表模型类名
//
return $this->hasMany(Book::className(), ['id' => 'book_id']);
}
}

class Book extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord
{
// 获取图书的作者
public function getAuthor()
{
//同样第一个参数指定关联的子表模型类名
return $this->hasOne(Author::className(), ['id' => 'author_id']);
}
}

class Autor extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord
{
}

// 获取一个客户信息
$customer = Customer::findOne(1);
$orders = $customer->orders; // 通过在Customer中定义的关联方法(getOrders())来获取这个客户的所有的订单.

SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id=1;
SELECT * FROM order WHERE customer_id=1;

$orders = $customer->orders;

unset($customer->orders);
$customer->orders;

class Customer extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord
{
public function getBigOrders($threshold = 100)
{
return $this->hasMany(Order::className(), ['customer_id' => 'id'])
->where('subtotal > :threshold', [':threshold' => $threshold])
->orderBy('id');
}
}

$customer->bigOrders

$orders = $customer->getBigOrders(200)->all();

// 执行sql语句: SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id=1
$customer = Customer::findOne(1);
//执行sql：SELECT * FROM order WHERE customer_id=1
$orders1 = $customer->orders;
//这个不会执行sql,直接使用上面的缓存结果
$orders2 = $customer->orders;

// 执行sql语句: SELECT * FROM customer LIMIT 100
$customers = Customer::find()->limit(100)->all();
foreach ($customers as $customer) {
// 执行sql: SELECT * FROM order WHERE customer_id=...
$orders = $customer->orders;
// 处理订单...
}

// 先执行sql: SELECT * FROM customer LIMIT 100;
// SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id IN (1,2,...)
$customers = Customer::find()->limit(100)
->with('orders')->all();
foreach ($customers as $customer) {
// 在这个循环的时候就不会再执行sql了
$orders = $customer->orders;
// ...handle $orders...
}

$orders = Order::find()->select(['id', 'amount'])->with('customer')->all();
// $orders[0]->customer 的结果将会是null
// 因为上面的select中没有返回所关联的模型(customer)中的指定的关联字段.
// 如果加上customer_id,$orders[0]->customer就可以返回正确的结果
$orders = Order::find()->select(['id', 'amount', 'customer_id'])->with('customer')->all();

//首先执行sql： SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id=1
$customer = Customer::findOne(1);
// 再执行查询订单的sql语句：SELECT * FROM order WHERE customer_id=1 AND subtotal>100
$orders = $customer->getOrders()->where('subtotal>100')->all();

// 下面的代码会执行sql语句: 
// SELECT * FROM customer LIMIT 100
// SELECT * FROM order WHERE customer_id IN (1,2,...) AND subtotal>100
$customers = Customer::find()->limit(100)->with([
'orders' => function($query) {
$query->andWhere('subtotal>100');
},
])->all();

joinWith( $with, $eagerLoading = true, $joinType = 'LEFT JOIN' )

// 订单表和客户表以Left join的方式关联.
// 查找所有订单,并以客户 ID 和订单 ID 排序
$orders = Order::find()->joinWith('customer')->orderBy('customer.id, order.id')->all();
// 订单表和客户表以Inner join的方式关联
// 查找所有的订单和书
$orders = Order::find()->innerJoinWith('books')->all();
// 使用inner join 连接order中的 books关联和customer关联.
// 并对custmer关联再次进行回调过滤：找出24小时内注册客户包含书籍的订单
$orders = Order::find()->innerJoinWith([
'books',
'customer' => function ($query) {
$query->where('customer.created_at > ' . (time() - 24 * 3600));
}
])->all();
// 使用left join连接 books关联,books关联再用left join 连接 author关联
$orders = Order::find()->joinWith('books.author')->all();

// Order和books关联 inner join ,但不获取books关联对应的数据
$orders = Order::find()->innerJoinWith('books', false)->all();

class User extends ActiveRecord
{
public function getBooks()
{
return $this->hasMany(Item::className(), ['owner_id' => 'id'])->onCondition(['category_id' => 1]);
}
}

//先查询主模型(User)的数据, SELECT user.* FROM user LEFT JOIN item ON item.owner_id=user.id AND category_id=1
// 然后再根据关联条件查询相关模型数据SELECT * FROM item WHERE owner_id IN (...) AND category_id=1
// 这两个在查询的过程中都使用了 on条件.
$users = User::find()->joinWith('books')->all();

// SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=10
$user = User::findOne(10);